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Qiao Mausoleum

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Qiao Mausoleum is the tomb of Emperor Ruizong (Li Dan, Reign year:684), the fifth emperor of Tang Dynasty. The mausoleum is located at the 751-meter-high Fengshan Mountain with fluctuating ridges and peaks stretching south into the vast plain and facing Qinling Mountains from a far distance. Fengshan Mountain is also called the Phoenix Mountain because it is in the shape of a phoenix.

Emperor Ruizong had been the king of Tang Dynasty for only one year before he designated Li Longji, his third son, the crown prince and abdicated the throne to him soon to avoid a palace revolution for the throne. That laid a good foundation for the Flourishing Age of Kaiyuan (713-741). Ruizong died in June in 716 and was buried in Qiao Mausoleum at the end of year.

Built in the flourishing age of Kaiyuan, Qiao Mausoleum has large-scale constructions. As far as the cemetery is concerned, the mausoleum covers the whole Fenghsan Mountain. High walls were built around the mausoleum. The south wall is 2,871 meters long, the west wall is 2,836 meters long, and the north wall is composed of two parts, the first part of which is 2,433 meters long, and the second part is a deep ditch that stretches 450 meters to the turret at the northwestern corner. The 2,303-meter-long east wall runs south for 903 meters and winds west for 427 meters along the mountain features and then turns south to the East Gate and the ruins at the southeastern corner. The whole mausoleum from the surface is in the shape of a sword hilt and has an area of 850,000 sq meters. The bright red wall is 1.3 meters thick, and the base part is 3 meters thick. The chambers of the mausoleum were dug on the mountainside.  Four gates were built along the wall of the mausoleum: the gates of Southern God (Zhu Que), Northern God (Xuan Wu), Eastern God (Qing Long, or the Black Dragon) and Western God (Bai Hu, or White Tiger). Stone carvings and watch towers stand on both sides of each gate. There are also watch towers at the joint parts of the walls.

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Edition HistoryEdit How to get there:
Located at 109°21′17″-109°54′49″E and 34°44′50″-35°10′30″N, Pucheng County is 52.9 km from east to west and 47 km from south to north. The county has an area of 1,583.58 sq km and is under the jurisdiction of Guanzhong Prefecture. Pucheng is adjacent to Dengcheng and Dali counties to the east and Weinan City to the south and Fuping County in west.
Pucheng County has a convenient transport. Weinan-Qingjian (in Yulin City in northern Shaanxi) and Xi’an-Yumenkou (in Shanxi) highroads and Xi’an-Yan’an and Xi’an-Hancheng railroads pass Pucheng County. Tourists can either take a bus or a train to get to the county town first and then take a bus to go to the mausoleum. It takes only ten minutes to get there.

Edition HistoryEdit Tips:
⑴ There are no hotels near Qiao Mausoleum since it is only ten minutes’ drive from the county town to the mausoleum.
⑵ Tourists can taste the local food in the county town, such as cooked mutton soaked in soup and the fried cake.
⑶ Specialties of the region: pickles of Tongguan City, steamed cake and dumplings of Weinan City, Mutton products of Hancheng City and the apricot of Huaxian County and the dried persimmon of Fuping County.
⑷ Pucheng County is known as the homeland of fireworks in China. Grand fireworks festival is held during the Spring Festival. It is a good chance to appreciate the fireworks display while visiting the mausoleum.